Part of the CustodyStress archive of observed Bitcoin custody incidents
CS-01225
Seed unavailable — Ledger Nano X (2024)
ConstrainedCase description
A 2024 case involved a Ledger Nano X where the seed phrase had been stored in a safety deposit box at a bank branch that subsequently closed. The holder was notified of the closure but did not act before the branch closed. Their contents were transferred to another branch, but by the time the holder attempted to retrieve the seed phrase, the transferred contents could not be located in the new branch's inventory. The bank eventually found the items in off-site storage after approximately eight weeks, but the episode illustrated how institutional storage of seed phrase backups introduced a separate institutional dependency into an otherwise self-custody arrangement.
Custody context
| Stress condition | Seed phrase unavailable |
| Custody system | Hardware wallet (single key) |
| Outcome | Constrained |
| Documentation | Unknown |
| Year observed | 2024 |
| Country | United States |
What this illustrates
Without the seed phrase, the wallet couldn't be restored — on any device, ever. Whether full access was ultimately possible is unclear, but significant delay or outside intervention was involved.
Outcome interpretation
Access remained possible, but only with delay, dependence, or significant difficulty.
Source
Privately Reported
Evidence type
News article
Related cases involving seed phrase unavailable
146 cases involve seed phrase unavailable
274 cases involve hardware wallet (single key)
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This archive documents observed custody survivability failures. It does not attempt to document all Bitcoin losses or security incidents.
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Framework references
Where Bitcoin Custody Intersects Legal and Fiduciary Authority
Where custody creates gaps in estate planning, fiduciary duty, and professional responsibility.
Professional Scope Boundary Matrix
What each professional or product covers, what they do not, and where gaps form between them.
The Independent Assessment Layer in Bitcoin Custody
How independent diagnostic layers emerge when multiple parties depend on shared infrastructure.
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