Part of the CustodyStress archive of observed Bitcoin custody incidents
CS-01347
Passphrase unavailable — Armory (2025)
SurvivesCase description
A 2025 recovery case involved an old Armory wallet from 2013 where the holder had set a passphrase they were certain they remembered but which consistently failed to decrypt the wallet. An analysis revealed that the wallet had been created on a Windows machine that had AutoCorrect enabled, and the passphrase contained a word that Windows had silently autocorrected to a capitalised version at the time of creation. The stored passphrase was therefore different from what the holder believed they had typed. Once the recovery specialist identified that the discrepancy was likely capitalisation-related, a targeted attack covering the most common autocorrect transformations for the remembered passphrase recovered the wallet within a few hours.
Custody context
| Stress condition | Passphrase unavailable |
| Custody system | Desktop Software Wallet |
| Outcome | Survives |
| Documentation | Unknown |
| Year observed | 2025 |
| Country | International |
Structural dependencies observed
Outcome interpretation
Access remained possible under the reported conditions.
Source
Privately Reported
Evidence type
News article
Related cases involving passphrase unavailable
217 cases involve passphrase unavailable
25 cases involve desktop software wallet
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This archive documents observed custody survivability failures. It does not attempt to document all Bitcoin losses or security incidents.
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Framework references
Where Bitcoin Custody Intersects Legal and Fiduciary Authority
Where custody creates gaps in estate planning, fiduciary duty, and professional responsibility.
Professional Scope Boundary Matrix
What each professional or product covers, what they do not, and where gaps form between them.
The Independent Assessment Layer in Bitcoin Custody
How independent diagnostic layers emerge when multiple parties depend on shared infrastructure.
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