CustodyStress
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Part of the CustodyStress archive of observed Bitcoin custody incidents
CS-01307

When the holder died, the estate found three cryptosteel plates and four Trezor devices

Survives
Case description
A 2024 case described by a Bitcoin inheritance specialist involved a holder who had documented their seed phrase using a standard recommendation—storing it on a cryptosteel plate—but had failed to document which of their three Trezor devices corresponded to which seed phrase. When the holder died, the estate found three cryptosteel plates and four Trezor devices (one of which had been wiped and reassigned). The estate needed to match devices to seed phrases using a trial-and-error approach. A technical specialist worked through the combinations systematically and identified the correct pairings, but the process took six weeks and required specialist knowledge.
Custody context
Stress conditionDocumentation absent
Custody systemHardware wallet (single key)
OutcomeSurvives
DocumentationUnknown
Year observed2024
CountryInternational
Structural dependencies observed
Undocumented procedure
Outcome interpretation
Access remained possible under the reported conditions.
Source
Privately Reported
Evidence type
News article
Related cases involving documentation absent
193 cases involve documentation absent 274 cases involve hardware wallet (single key) View archive statistics →
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Framework references
Terms guide
Survives
Access remained possible under the reported conditions.
Constrained
Access remained possible, but only with delay, dependence, or significant difficulty.
Blocked
Access was not possible under the reported conditions.
Indeterminate
There was not enough information to determine the outcome.
Single-person knowledge
Recovery depended on information or capability held by one individual who was unavailable.
Institutional dependence
Recovery depended on a third-party institution or service that was inaccessible or uncooperative.
Documentation gap
Recovery depended on instructions that were missing, incomplete, or unclear.
Authority mismatch
The person with legal authority to act did not have operational access, or vice versa.
Original text
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