Part of the CustodyStress archive of observed Bitcoin custody incidents
CS-00981
Documentation absent — Celsius (2022)
BlockedCase description
BlockFi's interest accounts had terms of service that transferred ownership of deposited crypto to BlockFi in exchange for yield payments, similar to Celsius. Many customers had not read or understood this provision and believed their Bitcoin remained their property. The FTX-triggered collapse exposed how many retail investors across multiple platforms held what were legally unsecured loans to the company, not custodied assets.
Custody context
| Stress condition | Documentation absent |
| Custody system | Exchange custody |
| Outcome | Blocked |
| Documentation | Unknown |
| Year observed | 2022 |
| Country | United States |
Structural dependencies observed
What this illustrates
Nobody had written down how to get back in. That knowledge existed only in the owner's head. Access was not recoverable.
Outcome interpretation
Access was not possible under the reported conditions.
Source
Publicly Reported
Evidence type
News article
Related cases involving documentation absent
This archive documents observed custody survivability failures. It does not attempt to document all Bitcoin losses or security incidents.
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Framework references
Where Bitcoin Custody Intersects Legal and Fiduciary Authority
Where custody creates gaps in estate planning, fiduciary duty, and professional responsibility.
Professional Scope Boundary Matrix
What each professional or product covers, what they do not, and where gaps form between them.
The Independent Assessment Layer in Bitcoin Custody
How independent diagnostic layers emerge when multiple parties depend on shared infrastructure.
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