Part of the CustodyStress archive of observed Bitcoin custody incidents
CS-00509
The independent third party relocated internationally in September 2017 and their
SurvivesCase description
A Bitcoin family trust used a 2-of-3 multisig where the three key holders were the trustee, the grantor, and an independent third party. The independent third party relocated internationally in September 2017 and their signing key was tied to a phone number that no longer worked in their new country. A replacement third-party key holder arrangement took two months to establish.
Custody context
| Stress condition | Multisig quorum failure |
| Custody system | Exchange custody |
| Outcome | Survives |
| Documentation | Unknown |
| Year observed | 2017 |
| Country | Unknown |
Structural dependencies observed
Outcome interpretation
Access remained possible under the reported conditions.
Source
Publicly Reported
Evidence type
Forum post
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512 cases involve exchange custody
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This archive documents observed custody survivability failures. It does not attempt to document all Bitcoin losses or security incidents.
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Framework references
Where Bitcoin Custody Intersects Legal and Fiduciary Authority
Where custody creates gaps in estate planning, fiduciary duty, and professional responsibility.
Professional Scope Boundary Matrix
What each professional or product covers, what they do not, and where gaps form between them.
The Independent Assessment Layer in Bitcoin Custody
How independent diagnostic layers emerge when multiple parties depend on shared infrastructure.
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