Part of the CustodyStress archive of observed Bitcoin custody incidents
CS-00682
Iran's ongoing US sanctions situation intensified in September 2019.
ConstrainedCase description
Iran's ongoing US sanctions situation intensified in September 2019. Virtually all international exchanges had geofenced Iranian users. Iranian Bitcoin holders attempting to use any offshore platform faced account termination if detected. The pressure forced Bitcoin into local physical P2P markets where prices were significantly higher than global rates.
Custody context
| Stress condition | Forced relocation |
| Custody system | Exchange custody |
| Outcome | Constrained |
| Documentation | Unknown |
| Year observed | 2019 |
| Country | Iran |
Structural dependencies observed
What this illustrates
Before anyone could access the funds, a legal process had to be completed first. Whether full access was ultimately possible is unclear, but significant delay or outside intervention was involved.
Outcome interpretation
Access remained possible, but only with delay, dependence, or significant difficulty.
Source
Publicly Reported
Evidence type
News article
Evidence link
Related cases involving forced relocation
This archive documents observed custody survivability failures. It does not attempt to document all Bitcoin losses or security incidents.
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Framework references
Where Bitcoin Custody Intersects Legal and Fiduciary Authority
Where custody creates gaps in estate planning, fiduciary duty, and professional responsibility.
Professional Scope Boundary Matrix
What each professional or product covers, what they do not, and where gaps form between them.
The Independent Assessment Layer in Bitcoin Custody
How independent diagnostic layers emerge when multiple parties depend on shared infrastructure.
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